Correction of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic health indexes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during semaglutide therapy
Abstract. Prevention of macrovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus should be comprehensive and include adequate correction of the glycemic profile, blood pressure (BP), lipid profile parameters, and weight loss.Balykova L.A., Yamashkina E.I., Stolyarova V.V., Esina M.V., Kunyaeva T.A., Prekina V.I., Samoshkina E.S., Ledyajkina L.V.
The aim: to estimate the efficacy of the domestic drug semaglutide in regard to cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including parameters of glycemic control, lipid metabolism, weight and body composition dynamics, in a real clinical practice in the Republic of Mordovia.
Material and methods. The study included 30 patients aged 33–64 years with T2DM and overweight or obesity who had not achieved target carbohydrate metabolism control while being on metformin therapy. All the studied were additionally prescribed semaglutide. Observation period was 24 weeks.
Results. In 6 months study participants experienced an average reduction of systolic BP by 9.25%, diastolic BP by 4.8%, fasting plasma glucose by 27.91%, and glycated hemoglobin by 34.6%. Target glycated hemoglobin levels were achieved by 93.1% of patients. In addition, study participants had reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. According to bioimpedance analysis, adipose mass decreased by an average of 19%, while active cell and skeletal muscle mass (by an average of 2 kg) and basal metabolic rate (BMR) increased.
Conclusion. In real clinical practice, using of semaglutide at a dose of 1 mg once weekly for 6 months in combination therapy with metformin, helps to achieve target blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in the vast majority of patients with T2DM, improving BP control, blood lipid profile, and anthropometric parameters by reducing adipose tissue mass while at the same time maintaining skeletal muscle mass.
Keywords
type 2 diabetes mellitus
semaglutide
cardiovascular risk
glycemic control
bioimpedance analysis
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About the Authors
Larisa A. Balykova, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, corresponding member of N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.E-mail: vice-rector-bioteh@adm.mrsu.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-0013. Scopus ID: 6602093133. eLibrary SPIN: 2024-5807
Ekaterina I. Yamashkina, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of outpatient therapy, N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.
E-mail: yamashkinamzrm@inbox.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5092-7872. Scopus ID: 58798656000. eLibrary SPIN 3440-1291
Marina V. Stolyarova, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, head of the Department of outpatient therapy, N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.
E-mail: vera_s00@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6164-4737. eLibrary SPIN: 4741-2242
Marina V. Esina, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of outpatient therapy, N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.
E-mail: esina.marina.val@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5318-2966. Scopus ID: 57217520624. eLibrary SPIN: 8753-5294
Tatyana A. Kunyaeva, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of outpatient therapy, N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.
E-mail: kunya_eva@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-4265. Scopus ID: 57190413341.eLibrary SPIN: 9245-0700
Valentina I. Prekina, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of outpatient therapy, N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.
E-mail: vprekina@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2306-722X. eLibrary SPIN: 3947-0099
Elena S. Samoshkina, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of pediatrics with a course in dietetics, N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.
E-mail: esamoshkina@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8192-7902. eLibrary SPIN 6079-2211
Lyudmila V. Ledyajkina, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), associate professor, head of the Department of pediatrics with a course in dietetics, N.P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University. Address: 430005, Saransk, 68 Bolshevistskaya St.
E-mail: ledlv@list.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6015-5686. Scopus ID: 57194328366. eLibrary SPIN 6018-5229
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