Prognostic values of lung volumes in cohorts of persons with various degree of cardiovascular risk
Abstract. According to the data of modern epidemiological studies, a stable tendency towards an increase in the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors in young persons is forming, the significance of which in the development of chronic non-communicable diseases in this cohort of patients is complicated by the lack of validated prognostic models. Scientific research works indicate the possibility of using lung volumes as an integral prognostic marker in various age cohorts of conditionally healthy patients.Nevzorova V.A., Priseko L.G., Menovshchikova A.K., Shumakova E.S.
The aim: to study prognostic lung volume values in different cohorts of individuals depending on age and degree of cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE2 and Framingham-30 scales.
Material and methods. 145 individuals aged 20 to 60 years were included in the study. CVR was calculated using the SCORE2 and Framingham-30 scales. The participants underwent spirometry without a bronchodilator test, with estimation of the volume of formed exhalation in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and their ratio. Correlations between the values of these lung volumes and the category of cardiovascular risk were assessed.
Results. According to SCORE2 scale, 3.6% of respondents belonged to the low-risk category, while the majority of participants belonged to the moderate or high risk categories. The SCORE2 CVR category had no significant associations with lung volume parameters, with the exception of the lower limit of normal (LLN) of FEV1/FVC (p < 0.001). As expected, a 1% increase in SCORE2 was accompanied by a 1.4% decrease in the LLN of the FEV1/FVC ratio. When analyzing the risk by Framingham-30 scale with the addition of lipid panel parameters and including individuals aged 20 years and over, a decrease in lung volumes was most significantly associated with high CVR (p < 0.05). An increase in the Framingham-30 risk (with lipid panel data) correlated with a 0.07% decrease in the LLN of FEV1/FVC (ρ = -0.8; p < 0.001).
Conclusion. Correlations between lung function parameters and 30-year CVR were found. Combining the Framingham-30 scale and lung volumes is a promising direction for further study of these correlations and creation of an expanded algorithm for risk assessment in younger individuals.
Keywords
lung volumes
cardiovascular risk
SCORE2
Framingham-30
prognostication
spirometry
chronic non-communicable diseases
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About the Authors
Vera A. Nevzorova, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, Director of the Institute of therapy and instrumental diagnostics, Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 690002, Vladivostok, 2 Ostryakova Avenue.E-mail: nevzorova@inbox.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-0349. Scopus ID: 6603425593. eLibrary SPIN: 5232-0247
Lyudmila G. Priseko, MD, lecturer of the Institute of therapy and instrumental diagnostics, Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 690002, Vladivostok, 2 Ostryakova Avenue.
E-mail: ludmilka.95.95@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3946-2064. Scopus ID: 57216433877. eLibrary SPIN: 3393-2418
Anna K. Menovshchikova, clinical resident in specialty 31.08.36 “Cardiology” of Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 690002, Vladivostok, 2 Ostryakova Avenue.
E-mail: menovshhikovaan@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-6973
Ekaterina S. Shumakova, 6th year student in specialty 31.05.01 “General medicine” of Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 690002, Vladivostok, 2 Ostryakova Avenue.
E-mail: rinkamakova06@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8780-957X
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