Comparison of the informative value of six-minute walk test and one-minute sit-to-stand test in patients with previous myocardial infarction
Abstract. Six-minute walk test (SMWT) is a simple and informative method for assessing functional status of patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, SMWT has certain limitations in performance, necessitating the search for a simple and easily reproducible alternative. The one-minute sit-to-stand test (1STST) is proposed to be as such kind of the test. The aim: to compare the results of SMWT and 1STST performed in patients with myocardial infarction in anamnesis (MI). Material and methods. The cross-sectional, observational, prospective study included 61 patient with a history of MI and dyspnea on exertion. In addition to a general clinical examination, all participants underwent SMWT and 1STST. Results. Average number of meters walked in the SMT was 485.69 ± 103.13 m, and the average number of repeats in 1STST was 20.50 (17.00–24.00). A direct correlation was found between the results of the exercise tests: fewer meters walked in SMWT were expected to be associated with fewer repeats in 1STST (r = 0.616, p <0.001). A comparison of the TSS and 1STST results revealed direct correlations between heart rate, Borg scale scores, oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels at the end of the tests, ΔSpO2, and Δ Borg scale scores. An inverse correlation was found between SMWT and 1STST results and age, as well as direct correlations between test results and arm strength. The “Physical health” quality of life index was inversely associated with Δ Borg scale scores during the SMWT and 1STST and the scores on this scale at the end of the tests. Conclusion. SMWT and 1STST methodics are comparable in their informativeness for assessing functional status in patients with previous myocardial infarction. 1STST can be proposed as a quick and easy alternative to the SMWT test.V.D. Yupatov, N.A. Karoli, T.P. Zhokhova
Keywords
myocardial infarction
six-minute walk test
1-minute sit-to-stand test
References
1. Акимова Н.С., Коньшина Л.Е., Руннова А.Е., Журавлев М.О., Шварц Ю.Г. Перспективы автоматизации и расширенные возможности теста с шестиминутной ходьбой в клинической практике. Профилактическая медицина. 2024;27(12):122–127. (Akimova NS, Konshina LE, Runnova AE, Zhuravlev MO, Shvarts YG. The potentials of the six-minute walking test in clinical practice automatization and advanced features. Profilakticheskaya meditsina = Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2024;27(12):122–127 (In Russ.)).
EDN: HQWRJG. https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed202427121122
2. Pepera G, Antoniou V, Karagianni E, Batalik L, Su JJ. Validity and reliability of the six-minute walking test compared to cardiopulmonary exercise test in individuals with heart failure systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med. 2025;14(23):8303.
PMID: 41375612. PMCID: PMC12693657. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14238303
3. Grundtvig M, Eriksen-Volnes T, Orn S, Slind EK, Gullestad L. 6 min walk test is a strong independent predictor of death in outpatients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2020;7(5):2904–11.
PMID: 32677748. PMCID: PMC7524091. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12900
4. Sohn S, Jeon J, Lee JE, Park SH, Kang DO, Park EJ et al. Prognostic value of the six-minute walk test in patients with cardiovascular disease. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):20817.
PMID: 40593905. PMCID: PMC12217989. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04480-9
5. Coulshed A, Coulshed D, Pathan F. Systematic review of the use of the 6-minute walk test in measuring and improving prognosis in patients with ischemic heart disease. CJC Open. 2023;5(11):816–25.
PMID: 38020329. PMCID: PMC10679465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjco.2023.08.003
6. Ngueleu AM, Barrette S, Buteau C, Robichaud C, Nguyen M, Everard G, Batcho CS. Impact of pathway shape and length on the validity of the 6-minute walking test: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sensors (Basel). 2024;25(1):17.
PMID: 39796807. PMCID: PMC11722874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25010017
7. Cazzoletti L, Zanolin ME, Dorelli G, Ferrari P, Dalle Carbonare LG, Crisafulli E et al. Six-minute walk distance in healthy subjects: Reference standards from a general population sample. Respir Res. 2022;23(1):83.
PMID: 35382813. PMCID: PMC8985335. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-022-02003-y
8. Farley C, Phillips SM, Smith-Turchyn J, Brooks D. Measurement properties of the sit-to-stand test in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis using the COSMIN guidelines. PLoS One. 2024;19(12):e0316451.
PMID: 39775308. PMCID: PMC11684672. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316451
9. Канаева Т.В., Богдалова Л.Р., Никитина Н.М., Кароли Н.А. Сравнение информативности тестов «6-минутного шагового» и «Сесть и встать» у пациентов после COVID-19. Профилактическая медицина. 2024;27(1):76–83. (Kanaeva TV, Bogdalova LR, Nikitina NM, Karoli NA. Comparison of the «Six-minute walk» and «Sit-to-stand» tests efficacy in patients underwent COVID-19. Profilakticheskaya meditsina = Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2024;27(1):76–83 (In Russ.)).
EDN: RJRPDW. https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed20242701176
10. Delbressine JM, Jensen D, Vaes AW, Li PZ, Bourbeau J, Tan WC et al.; CanCOLD Collaborative Research Group and the Canadian Respiratory Research Network. Reference values for six-minute walk distance and six-minute walk work in Caucasian adults. Pulmonology. 2023;29(5):399–409.
PMID: 37045743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.02.014
11. Strassmann A, Steurer-Stey C, Lana KD, Zoller M, Turk AJ, Suter P, Puhan MA. Population-based reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand test. Int J Public Health. 2013;58(6):949–53.
PMID: 23974352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-013-0504-z
12. Tanriverdi A, Kahraman BO, Ozpelit E, Savci S. Test-retest reliability and validity of 1-minute sit-to-stand test in patients with chronic heart failure. Heart Lung Circ. 2023;32(4):518–24.
PMID: 36774200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2023.01.008
13. O’Connor FK, Chen D, Sharma P, Adsett J, Hwang R, Roberts L et al. Physiological responses to sit-to-stand and six-minute walk tests in heart failure: A randomised trial. Heart Lung Circ. 2025;34(8):789–97.
PMID: 40544125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.002
14. Wang Z, Yan J, Meng S, Li J, Yu Y, Zhang T et al. Reliability and validity of sit-to-stand test protocols in patients with coronary artery disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 202;9:841453.
PMID: 36093135. PMCID: PMC9452740. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.841453
15. Xue Q, Wu J, Ren Y, Hu J, Yang K, Cao J. Sarcopenia predicts adverse outcomes in an elderly population with coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr. 2021;21(1):493.
PMID: 34521369. PMCID: PMC8439080. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02438-w
16. Сергеева В.А., Рунихина Н.К. Респираторная саркопения: патогенетические аспекты, подходы к диагностике. Пульмонология. 2024;34(6):869–878. (Sergeeva VA, Runikhina NK. Respiratory sarcopenia: Aspects of pathogenesis, approaches to diagnosis. Pul'monologiya = Pulmonology. 2024;34(6):869–878 (In Russ.)).
EDN: HBJXQQ. https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2024-4271
17. Xiao M, Lu Y, Li H, Zhao Z. Association between handgrip strength and mortality of patients with coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis. Clin Cardiol. 2024;47(7):e24322.
PMID: 39051437. PMCID: PMC11270052. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.24322
18. Асадуллин И.Ш., Каменских М.С., Филиппов A.А., Ефремов С.М., Никитина Т.П., Ионова Т.И., Шматов Д.В. Факторы, определяющие качество жизни у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца, которым планируется операция аортокоронарного шунтирования. Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины. 2023;38(4):213–221. (Asadullin IS, Kamenskikh MS, Philippov AA, Efremov SM, Nikitina TP, Ionova TI, Shmatov DV. Factors associated with quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease before coronary artery bypass surgery. Sibirskiy zhurnal klinicheskoy i eksperimental’noy meditsiny = Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 2023;38(4):213–221 (In Russ.)).
EDN: HJTRBQ. https://doi.org/10.29001/2073-8552-2023-38-4-213-221
19. Асадуллин И.Ш., Каменских М.С., Филиппов А.А., Ефремов С.М., Никитина Т.П., Ионова Т.И. с соавт. Качество жизни больных ишемической болезнью сердца в течение первых 6 месяцев после операции на открытом сердце. Кардиологический вестник. 2025;20(3):62–71. (Asadullin ISh, Kamenskikh MS, Filippov AA, Efremov SM, Nikitina TP, Ionova TI et al. Quality of life within 6 months after coronary artery bypass grafting. Kardiologicheskiy vestnik = Russian Cardiology Bulletin. 2025;20(3):62–71 (In Russ.)).
EDN: JYSBBI. https://doi.org/10.17116/Cardiobulletin20252003162
About the Authors
Vladimir D. Yupatov, MD, postgraduate student of the Department of hospital therapy, V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation.E-mail: bobstersar@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-2990. eLibrary SPIN: 8054-5444
Nina A. Karoli, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, professor of the Department of hospital therapy, V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation.
E-mail: nina.karoli.73@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-826X. eLibrary SPIN: 6506-0261
Taisiya P. Zhokhova, MD, first-year resident in internal medicine of the Department of hospital therapy, V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation.
E-mail: zhokhova2001@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6048-8092. eLibrary SPIN: 1574-8463
Similar Articles
