Geometric parameters and diastolic cardiac function indexes in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and obesity
Abstract. In recent years, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) has increasingly been considered to be a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases development. Patients with this condition are characterized by changes in the shape and size of the left (LV) and right ventricles (RV), as well as their impaired diastolic function, as confirmed by the results of modern research works.A.V. Tanich, A.N. Kuchmin, E.P. Galova, M.B. Nagorny, A.A. Kazachenko
The aim: to compare echocardiographic parameters characterizing chamber geometry and diastolic function of the right ventricle and left ventricle at rest and during exercise in patients with OSA and obesity.
Material and methods. The study was performed at the internal medicine propaedeutics clinic of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. A total of 83 patients admitted to the clinic were examined. Participants were divided into two main groups: control group (n = 43) included obese patients without signs of OSA, and experimental group (n = 40) included obese patients with OSA.
Results. In the experimental group, comparatively with the control group, parameters such as end-diastolic diameter and posterior LV interventricular septal thickness were significantly higher, indicating more pronounced structural changes in the LV. The left atrial volume index was also significantly higher in obese patients with OSA than in the control group. Furthermore, a statistically significant increase in the size of the right heart chambers was observed in the experimental group. Parameters characterizing RV systolic and diastolic function significantly differed between the two groups, both at rest and during the stress test, indicating more pronounced changes in ventricular systolic and diastolic function in patients with OSA and obesity.
Conclusion. Patients with OSA and obesity have significantly more pronounced anatomical and functional changes in cardiac structure than obese individuals without dynamic airway obstruction during sleep. This emphasizes the importance of managing OSA and obesity to prevent cardiovascular disease in this group of patients.
Keywords
obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
obesity
diastolic dysfunction
cardiac chamber deformation
chronic heart failure
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About the Authors
Anna V. Tanich, MD, assistant at the Department of internal medicine propaedeutics, S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.E-mail: anya-tanich@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3349-1813. eLibrary SPIN: 4059-6128
Alexey N. Kuchmin, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, head of the Department of internal medicine propaedeutics, S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
E-mail: kuchmin.63@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2888-9625. eLibrary SPIN: 7787-1364
Elena P. Galova, MD, functional diagnostics physician of the Department of functional diagnostics, clinic of internal medicine, S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
E-mail: galova.elena@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-0481. eLibrary SPIN: 7306-8096
Mikhail B. Nagorny, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of internal medicine propaedeutics, S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
E-mail: ilikedm@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-5542-0948. eLibrary SPIN: 1861-8100
Alexander A. Kazachenko, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of internal medicine propaedeutics, S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
E-mail: kazachenko.alex@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-7893. eLibrary SPIN: 4346-6785
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